From Tuġrā and Royal Lantern: The uniqueness of furniture in Thai Mosques Chokchai Wongtanee Prince of Songkla University. Thailand Keywords: Tuġrā, Royal Lantern, Ottoman, Siam, Furniture, Mosques, Muslim in Thailand This paper desire to survey furniture and decorations found both inside and outside mosques and explain the origins and their appliances. The reasons choosing those specific furniture and decorations lead to social discussion reflecting Thai Muslim identities. In this research, two mosques were selected as samples from each 4 regions in Thailand (North, Northeast, Central and South). The field research survey methods were used by collecting data together with in-depth interviewing with representatives of each selected mosques. Documents and related research were surveyed to analyze and synthesize the data found and summarize the research results. The survey found that furniture and furnishings in Thai mosques are fundamentally very similar. Those compulsory furnishing items are such as a Minbar, a Mihrab, a cabinet or shelf for the Qur'an, a number of Rehal (Qur'an rest), and a hanger for a Jubba/Thobe for Khaṭīb to wear when delivering a sermon, Khuṭbah. However, the survey has interestingly discovered some unique and notable appliances, decorations and furniture that reflecting the way of life and identity of people surrounding the mosques in all 4 regions. The ethnicity of each Muslim lineage or race has created some outstanding furniture and furnishings various from the presence of Pintu Gerbang (a gate entrance) in front of Malay mosques in the South, the wooden chairs for the elderly to sit and pray at Chinese mosques in the North, Rope beds for temporary rest inside Pathans mosque in the Northeast, to the display area for Muharram ritual utensils in Shi'a mosques in Central Thailand. The discovery of astonishing furniture from many mosques reflects diversity and identity of Muslims influenced by local and neighboring cultures. Some even represent closed relationship with others through evidences that are more than a century old. The existence of the Ottoman Empire emblem (Ottoman Tuġrā) and the Royal Lantern from the King Rama VI (a non-Muslim King, in Buddhist country) as two examples can be found both outside and inside mosques in Thailand.