Ahmed M.S. Mohammed(1)*, Tetsuya Ukai(2)
(1) Architectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.
(2) Department of Environmental Design, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
*Corresponding Author Email: sayed@kyudai.jp; ahmed_sayed993@eng.aun.edu.eg
Ahmed M.S. Mohammed: writing-original draft (lead); visualization (lead); software (lead); Methodology (equal); Investigation (equal); formal analysis (lead); conceptualization (lead).
Tetsuya Ukai: writing-review&editing (lead); validation (lead); Methodology (equal); Investigation (equal).
Research paper Title
Remote Sensing Analysis of Urban Heat Island Impact on Historic and Modern Mosques
Personal Biography
Ahmed M.S. Mohammed works as an Assistant Professor in the Architectural Engineering Department at the Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University in Egypt, where he earned his bachelor's degree in 2016. He completed his Master's and PhD at the Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, Japan in 2021 and 2024, respectively. His research primarily explores economic geography, focusing on the effects of various urban settlements on the socio-spatial and spatial-economic dynamics of their surroundings. Ahmed employs several urban analytical techniques, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing, Space Syntax, and Agent-based Modeling.
Tetsuya Ukai is a professor of architecture and urban design in Graduate School of Design at Kyushu University, Japan. After graduating from the Department of Architecture at the University of Tokyo in 1990, he joined Kenzo Tange Architectural Office. Tetsuya was in charge of designing the Fuji TV headquarters in Odaiba and the Milan and Paris city planning projects. In 1992, after he left Kenzo Tange’s office, he established the Tetsuya Ukai Architects Office. In 1995, he completed his Master's at the University of Tokyo. From 1995 to 1997, Tetsuya became an overseas trainee at the Architectural Association in London, UK. Then, he worked as an assistant professor in the Department of Architecture at the University of Tokyo from 2001 to 2009. Then, from 2009, he became a faculty member in the Graduate School of Design at Kyushu University. Tetsuya’s research interest is the contemporary architectural and urban design of cities.
Paper Abstract
Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) significantly influence the thermal environment and energy efficiency of urban structures, including mosques. This study presents a comparative analysis of the UHI impact on mosques located in densely urbanized versus more vegetated areas, focusing on the role of construction materials and urban context. The research examines several historic and modern mosques from Saudi Arabia and Egypt as case studies, offering insights into how different construction materials and environmental settings affect their thermal performance. Using remote sensing imagery from Landsat 7 (2005) and Landsat 8 (2013, 2021), land surface temperatures (LST) were retrieved through the mono-window algorithm. This method allowed for a detailed assessment of temperature variations around the selected mosques, providing a basis for comparing the thermal environments of historic and modern structures in varying urban landscapes. Results indicate that mosques in densely urbanized areas, often constructed with modern materials that retain heat, exhibit significantly higher land surface temperatures compared to those surrounded by vegetation. Historic mosques, typically built with traditional materials such as stone and adobe, which have natural cooling properties, show lower temperatures even in less vegetated areas. In contrast, modern mosques, constructed with materials like concrete and glass, are more susceptible to heat retention, particularly in densely built environments. The study highlights the importance of construction materials and urban greenery in moderating the UHI impact on mosque architecture. By comparing the thermal profiles of historic and modern mosques in different urban contexts, the research emphasizes on the need for sustainable design practices that incorporate traditional materials and vegetative elements. These findings advocate for the preservation of cultural heritage through environmentally responsive construction techniques, promoting energy efficiency and thermal comfort in mosques across arid regions.
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