Abstract: The advent of Islam in Bengal was in the early 13th century though the history of the settlement in Bengal region is probably more than 3,000 years old. Prophet Muhammad (S.W.) established the mosque in Islamic heritage at the outset of Islam to facilitate the five daily congregational prayers. The history of Islam's growth throughout this region of Bengal reveals that numerous Muslim rulers came to this continent and contributed to the construction of the Mosque, Madrasa, Forts, and Mausoleums. Among all these types of architecture, Mosque Architecture has a strong visual language when considering shape, materials, ornamentation, sociocultural perspective, and climate considerations. Mosque architecture in Bengal experienced an identical spatial transformation under the influence of the region's monsoon climate and deltaic land. This set it apart from mosque architecture practices in the Indian subcontinent and other Muslim nations like Turkey, Persia, and the Arab world. This study will focus on how the climate and local sensitivities influenced mosque design in the Bengal region from the 14th to the 18th centuries, defining the Sultanate (1342–1576 A.D.) and Mughal (1576–1717 A.D.) eras in this area. Furthermore, the research aims to understand how architecture combines regional context and climate and how to apply this understanding to modern architecture.