From Classical to Baroque: Tracing the Historical Trajectory of Ottoman Mosque Architecture Luqman Al-Hakim Mohd Fauzi1, Mohamad Zulfazdlee Abul Hassan Ashari1 & Ezad Azraai Jamsari1 1Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization Faculty of Islamic Studies National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Corresponding Author’s Email: luqmanfauzi05@gmail.com Abstract Ottoman architecture is widely regarded as a symbol of the renaissance of Islamic architecture. This is obvious in the architectural splendor of Ottoman mosques, which eclipsed those of other modern Islamic empires such as the Safavids and Mughals. Among the most frequently studied and architecturally significant periods of Ottoman mosque design are the Classical era (1501–1703) and the Baroque era (1730–1808). Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the concept of the mosque within Islamic civilization, to explore the typology and morphology of mosques from the Classical and Baroque periods and to analyze the socio-political and cultural influences that shaped the stylistic transformation of Ottoman mosque architecture during this historical transition. A qualitative methodology is employed through the utilization of historical study, content analysis and comparative approach. Documentation methods used as a data collection technique meanwhile, data analysis is also conducted using thematic and deductive methods. The research indicates that the alteration of Ottoman mosques kept shifting from Classical to Baroque architecture with some influence from foreign trends, as well as social, political, and cultural changes in the governmental systems. This study contributes significant interdisciplinary scholarship; it is much more complex and explores historical, social, political and cultural aspects of the Ottoman Empire rather than purely visual stylistic shifts. In addition, it refutes the widely held perception that views this architectural change as a manifestation of decline. Keywords: Classical, Baroque, Ottoman Empire, Mosque Architecture.